Artificial Intelligence dan Kesejahteraan Pekerja dalam Industri Manufaktur
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Kecerdasan artifisial (Artificial Intelligence/AI) membentuk kembali industri manufaktur melalui otomatisasi, pengendalian berbasis data, dan sistem produksi yang semakin otonom. Perubahan ini membuka peluang peningkatan efisiensi, tetapi sekaligus mengubah kondisi fisik dan psikososial pekerja. Penelitian ini menganalisis dampak adopsi AI terhadap kesejahteraan pekerja pada industri manufaktur. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi tempat kerja, dan analisis dokumen yang melibatkan pekerja serta pihak terkait proses produksi pada perusahaan manufaktur yang telah mengadopsi teknologi berbasis AI. Data dianalisis melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa AI dapat mengurangi pekerjaan yang menuntut fisik, mendukung keselamatan kerja, dan meningkatkan efisiensi produksi. Namun, pekerja juga menghadapi kekhawatiran mengenai keamanan pekerjaan, perubahan pola kerja, pengawasan algoritmik, serta tuntutan penguasaan kompetensi digital baru. Karena itu, manfaat teknologi tidak otomatis meningkatkan kesejahteraan pekerja. Program upskilling dan reskilling, komunikasi yang transparan, human oversight, dan perlindungan ketenagakerjaan diperlukan untuk mengelola transisi. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa keberhasilan transformasi digital ditentukan oleh kinerja teknologi sekaligus tata kelola organisasi dan regulasi yang melindungi pekerja serta memperkuat kemampuan adaptasinya.
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