Challenges and Strategies of School Principals in Preparing the Implementation of Mandatory English in Primary Schools
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This study aimed to examine the awareness, challenges, and strategies employed by school principals in preparing for the implementation of English as a compulsory subject in elementary schools in Boyolangu Subdistrict. The study employed a qualitative approach using data collection techniques, including in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis. The results showed that school principals demonstrated strong awareness and understanding of the importance of introducing English at the elementary school level to prepare students for global developments. However, the preparation process for implementation continued to face several challenges, including a limited number of qualified English teachers, unequal availability of facilities and learning resources, and increasing managerial demands for school principals responsible for leading multiple educational units. To address these challenges, school principals implemented adaptive leadership strategies based on the POAC management functions (Planning, Organizing, Actuating, and Controlling), which were reflected through enhanced collaboration with school committees and supervisors, the optimal utilization of digital technology-based learning media, and continuous academic supervision. This study concluded that the successful preparation for implementing the policy of making English a compulsory subject in elementary schools was strongly influenced by principals’ ability to apply adaptive leadership and effective managerial governance.
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