Analisis Risiko Kebakaran dan Ledakan Akibat Kegagalan Operasional Pada Stasiun Pengumpul Minyak di PT XYZ
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Industri minyak dan gas bumi memiliki tingkat risiko keselamatan proses yang tinggi karena karakteristik hidrokarbon yang mudah terbakar dan berpotensi menyebabkan kecelakaan mayor seperti kebakaran dan ledakan. Stasiun Pengumpul Minyak PT XYZ menghadapi tantangan peningkatan risiko akibat peningkatan target produksi, keterbatasan kapasitas penyimpanan, usia peralatan, serta potensi kegagalan operasional yang dapat menyebabkan kehilangan containment hidrokarbon. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi bahaya, menganalisis skenario kecelakaan dominan, serta mengevaluasi konsekuensi kebakaran dan ledakan pada fasilitas Stasiun Pengumpul Minyak PT XYZ. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kombinasi kualitatif dan kuantitatif melalui Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP), Event Tree Analysis (ETA), serta simulasi konsekuensi menggunakan perangkat lunak PHAST. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahaya utama berasal dari pelepasan hidrokarbon (hydrocarbon release) akibat deviasi proses seperti kegagalan instrumentasi, korosi, tekanan tinggi, dan kegagalan sistem isolasi. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa ISO_03L menjadi area paling kritis dengan potensi liquid pool dan pool fire tertinggi, sedangkan peningkatan durasi pelepasan terjadi akibat keterlambatan isolasi manual. Simulasi PHAST menunjukkan adanya potensi paparan radiasi panas dan penyebaran dampak terhadap fasilitas tertentu, meskipun sebagian besar masih berada dalam batas penerimaan risiko. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penguatan sistem proteksi aktif, peningkatan keandalan peralatan kritis, penerapan sistem isolasi otomatis, dan peningkatan kesiapsiagaan tanggap darurat diperlukan untuk mengurangi risiko kebakaran dan ledakan pada fasilitas migas.
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