Perkembangan Sintesis Green Nanopartikel Centella Asiatica Sebagai Antioksidan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58344/jii.v5i3.7567Keywords:
Centella asiatica, green synthesi, nanopartikel, antioksidanAbstract
Sintesis nanopartikel berbasis green synthesis berkembang pesat sebagai alternatif ramah lingkungan terhadap metode konvensional yang menggunakan bahan kimia toksik. Centella asiatica (CA) mengandung triterpenoid, flavonoid, dan senyawa fenolik yang berpotensi berfungsi sebagai agen pereduksi dan penstabil alami dalam pembentukan nanopartikel. Review ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perkembangan metode sintesis green nanopartikel berbasis Centella asiatica, karakteristik nanopartikel yang dihasilkan, serta potensi aktivitas antioksidannya dalam bidang farmasi dan kosmetik. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan pedoman PRISMA 2020. Pencarian artikel dilakukan melalui basis data Scopus pada periode 2016–2025 menggunakan kata kunci terkait green synthesis, nanopartikel, Centella asiatica, dan antioksidan. Dari 65 artikel yang teridentifikasi, 15 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dianalisis secara kritis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa Centella asiatica telah diaplikasikan dalam berbagai sistem nano, termasuk nanopartikel logam, polimerik, lipid, karbon, dan nanokomposit. Sebagian besar penelitian melaporkan peningkatan aktivitas antioksidan melalui penurunan ROS, peningkatan aktivitas penangkal radikal bebas, serta aktivasi jalur pertahanan seluler. Namun, mayoritas studi masih terbatas pada uji in vitro. Green nanopartikel berbasis Centella asiatica berpotensi sebagai sumber antioksidan yang biokompatibel dan berkelanjutan, namun diperlukan penelitian lanjutan berbasis in vivo dan klinis.
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