Evaluasi Rembesan dan Stabilitas Bendungan Pidekso Menggunakan Back Analysis Berbasis Data Instrumentasi
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Parameter geoteknik hasil investigasi awal belum tentu merepresentasikan kondisi aktual bendungan urugan setelah mengalami penggenangan dan pembebanan selama masa operasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh parameter geoteknik terkalibrasi Bendungan Pidekso melalui analisis balik (back analysis) berbasis data instrumentasi serta mengevaluasi kesesuaiannya terhadap kondisi rembesan dan stabilitas lereng. Analisis dilakukan pada penampang STA 0+180, STA 0+280, dan STA 0+320 dengan variasi elevasi muka air waduk +174,00 m, +185,00 m, dan +186,67 m. Data yang digunakan meliputi parameter geoteknik awal, elevasi muka air waduk, piezometer, pressure cell, V-notch, dan patok geser. Kalibrasi dilakukan secara bertahap melalui penyesuaian koefisien permeabilitas berdasarkan tekanan air pori dan kecenderungan debit rembesan, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan kalibrasi parameter mekanik berdasarkan tegangan efektif, faktor keamanan, dan kewajaran bidang longsoran menggunakan SEEP/W dan SLOPE/W. Hasil analisis balik menghasilkan parameter inti terkalibrasi berupa k = 1,65 × 10?¹? m/det, ?sat = 19,50 kN/m³, c? = 29,00 kPa, dan ?? = 24,00°. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa analisis balik berbasis data instrumentasi mampu menghasilkan parameter geoteknik yang lebih representatif sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai dasar evaluasi kondisi rembesan dan stabilitas Bendungan Pidekso selama masa operasi.
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