Journal Indonesian Impression (JII)
Vol. 4, No. 1, January 2025
p-ISSN: 2828-1284 e-ISSN: 2810-062x
Website: https: //rivierapublishing.id/JII/ index.php / jii /index
Doi: 10.58344/jii.v4i1.6224
1010
FLAT HOUSING ON THE BANK OF THE YOGYAKARTA CODE
RIVER WITH THE PRINCIPLE OF CO-HOUSING
Caesaria Widi Nugraheny
Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
caesariawidi@mail.ugm.ac.id
Keywords
Abstract
Flats; shared housing;
environmental
degradation
Settlements on the banks of the Code River in Yogyakarta are facing
challenge big consequence urbanization, which causes improvement
density population, degradation environment, and limitations land.
Condition This influence quality life public local, especially in aspect
social, economic, and ecological. Research This aiming For explore
potential implementation the principle of co-housing as solution For
increase quality housing and environment in the area Code Riverbank.
The research method used is approach descriptive qualitative with
studies case in the RT 51 RW 13 area of Jogoyudan Village, Yogyakarta.
Data collection was carried out through observation field, interview in-
depth, study literature, and analysis spatial. Data is analyzed use
approach descriptive, SWOT, and analysis content For identify potential
as well as challenge implementation of co-housing. Research result show
that the principle of co-housing is able give solution effective to problem
area, such as efficiency use space, upgrade interaction social through
room communal, and implementation friendly design environment.
Support regulation local, such as Yogyakarta City Regional Regulation
Number 1 of 2015 and the Regulation Government Regulation No. 13 of
2021, becomes framework important For support sustainability co-
housing implementation. Implications study This show that
implementation of co-housing in the area bank river can increase quality
life public through approach integrative that combines need social,
economic, and ecological. Research This give contribution practical for
planning settlement sustainable in the region urban with density resident
tall.
Corresponding Author: Caesaria Widi Nugraheny
E-mail: caesariawidi@mail.ugm.ac.id
INTRODUCTION
The settlements on the banks of the Code River in Yogyakarta reflect challenge big in
face urbanization, density population, and threats environment. This area become symbol
complexity the city that continues developing, but Still keep problems related quality life its
inhabitants. According to Suhaeni (2011), density high population influence ability adaptation
community in the environment housing area dense, including in this area. Conditions This
exacerbated by spatial planning patterns that are not planned, as emphasized in Regulation
Government Regulation No. 38 of 2011 concerning Rivers, which highlights importance
management area around river in a way sustainable.
Globally, urbanization has bring challenge big to sustainability environment, especially
in riverbank areas river. Degradation environment consequence growth population and
activities urban become attention main, as expressed by Capps et al. (2016) in studies they
Caesaria Widi Nugraheny
Flats On The Banks Of The Code Yogyakarta River With The Principle Of Co-Housing
Journal Indonesian Impressions (JII) Vol. 4, No. 1, January 2025 1011
about flow urban areas in developing countries. In the context of This, Yogyakarta is facing
challenge similar with cities big others, namely balancing need residence with preservation
environment. The concept of co-housing is one of the relevant approach in answer challenge
This, as expressed by Tummers (2015), is because draft This integrate need social, economic
and ecological in planning residence.
Study This own high urgency remember rapid degradation environment and needs urge
will residence worthy on the banks of the Code River. Maryono (2014) said that management
area border river need an integral approach that includes aspect regulation, spatial planning,
and engineering. In addition, the approach architecture based on community as proposed by
Hidayatun et al. (2014) can become solution in create friendly housing environment and
appropriate need public local. The importance of supporting regulations, as stated in
Yogyakarta City Regional Regulation Number 1 of 2015, becomes framework the law that
must be obeyed For reach objective the.
Various studies previously has highlight importance approach holistic in management
settlements in the area bank river. Suhaeni (2010) identified typology area housing area with
density resident high and give recommendation relevant handling. While that, Seftyono (2012)
in his study about Code River highlights How draft sustainability can integrated in governance
society. More Far again, Purwanto et al. (2012) showed How pattern room communal in flats
can create a more environment inclusive and sustainable.
In addition, Roberts and Sukes (2008) in book they about regeneration urban highlight
importance approach multidimensional in planning repeat area settlements. Principles This in
line with findings of Ragheb et al. (2015) which stated that architecture green is element key
in create environment sustainable housing.
Study This offer Updates with integrate co-housing concept in management settlement
bank river, which has not Lots explored in Yogyakarta context. Isaka (2020) in his studies
regarding co-housing on the banks Yogyakarta City river shows that approach This own
potential big For increase quality life society, especially through strengthening aspect social
and economic. However, the implementation draft This need adjustment with characteristics
local, as highlighted by Wulandari (2011) and Kusuma (2008) in study they related flexibility
design residential area the.
Study This aiming For Analyze condition existing settlements on the banks of the Code
River, Yogyakarta. Identifying potential and challenges in implementation co-housing concept
in the area Formulate design strategies and policies that support management area bank river
in a way sustainable. With use framework theoretically compiled based on review library and
empirical data support, research This expected can give contribution real in increase quality
housing and environment on the banks of the Code River.
Framework reference study This involving contribution from various sources. including
study academic and regulatory related. Ayasha et al. (2024) give view about resilience
settlement communal, temporary Musofi, (2024) underline importance management risk
sanitation. Study Rahalu et al, (2003) about rehabilitation settlement slum give outlook about
approach practical in repair area. In addition, the contribution from Hizbaron and Hasanati
(2016) and Maryono (2020) highlighted importance approach integrative in management area
bank river. As additional, regulation like Regulation Government Regulation No. 13 of 2021
concerning Implementation of Flats and Yogyakarta City Regional Regulation Number 2 of
2012 concerning Building construction provides framework supporting law implementation
co-housing concept in the area This. The studies of Suprayogi et al. (2024) and Asdak (2023)
also provide contribution important in understand dynamics management area flow relevant
rivers with context study this. With thus, research this no only give contribution theoretical but
Caesaria Widi Nugraheny
Flats On The Banks Of The Code Yogyakarta River With The Principle Of Co-Housing
Journal Indonesian Impressions (JII) Vol. 4, No. 1, January 2025 1012
also offers solution practical that can applied For increase quality life community on the banks
of the Code River, Yogyakarta.
RESEARCH METHODS
Research methods This use approach descriptive qualitative with objective For describe
and analyze implementation co-housing principles in settlements on the banks of the Code
River, Yogyakarta. Research This adopt method studies case For understand characteristics
unique area The data used consists of on primary and secondary data, which were obtained
through various technique data collection. Primary data is collected through observation field,
interview deep with resident local, and visual documentation in the form of photos, videos, and
map area. Meanwhile secondary data obtained from studies literature, including books, journals
scientific, document regulation government, and results study previously.
Population in study This covers all over residents living in the area the banks of the Code
River, with sample taken in a way purposive For represent group relevant communities, such
as head family, manager facility general, and perpetrators business local. Data analysis was
performed through approach descriptive For describe condition area, analysis spatial For
understand pattern space and zoning, as well as SWOT analysis for evaluate strengths,
weaknesses, opportunities and threats in implementation of co-housing. In addition, the
analysis content used For identify themes main from the qualitative data obtained. The
approach This expected capable produce comprehensive understanding about potential and
challenges implementation of co-housing in the area banks of the Code River.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Microanalysis of Selected Sites
Identification of Existing Buildings
The buildings on site are dominated by residential buildings with an average size of
approximately 50 m2. The site also has several public spaces such as stalls, fields, mosques,
study rooms, and PAUD schools. One-story buildings dominate the site area, although there
are also several 2-story and 3-story buildings. On the north side, there are four flat 4-story
buildings with repeating shapes.
Figure 1. Map of Existing Building Typology
Source: Author's Analysis
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Figure 2. Map of Building Floors in Jogoyudan Village
Source: Author's Analysis
Circulation, Access, and Regional Activities
In the existing Jogoyudan village, road circulation is dominated by footpaths that cut
through the east-west of the village. The size of the road is not suitable for motorbikes. The
very close distance between houses also makes the village feel crowded. On the east side of
the site, parallel to the river, there is a 3-meter long road that is usually passed by residents
local as road a path in the village.
Figure 3. Existing Circulation System of Jogoyudan Village
Source: Author's Analysis
The site location has relatively easy access. The site has direct access from Jalan
Kleringan which is a one-way road. Other alternatives to get to the location are via Jalan
Jenderal Sudirman and via Jalan Kampung Jogoyudan. Jalan Desa Jogoyudan which is on the
west side of the site is approximately 3.5 meters wide and is the main access to the village. The
nearest public transportation is the Trans Jogja bus with the nearest bus stop being the
Mangkubumi portable bus stop at a distance of approximately 350 meters. The location of the
site is close to Yogyakarta Station at a distance of 400 meters. Within a radius of 700 meters
there are Enough Lots building offices, hotels, schools, restaurants and stations.
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Figure 4. Road Network and Buildings Around the Site
Source: Author's Analysis
Open Spatial Planning and Vegetation
The existing site conditions have almost no open space or vegetation. The open space on
the site is empty land from former buildings that have been demolished. The alley on the
riverbank has indirectly been used as an open space for local residents to do activities in the
afternoon. In the existing flat area, there is an open space used by residents to park vehicles
and as a gathering place. The environment around the site has quite a lot of green space. On
the west side of the site, the cultural heritage of Hotel Toegoe own room open the largest in the
area the.
Figure 5. Vegetation and Green Open Space Around the Site
Source: Author's analysis
Topography
The footprints are on the edge of the river so that they have a fairly steep contour towards
the river. The difference in land height on the north and south sides is 8 meters, while on the
east side the land contour is wavy with the highest point in the middle. On the west side, the
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land contour is relatively flat. This indicates that the site has a contour that slopes towards the
river flow for 8 meters and is wavy on the river bank. The Kode River in this area is 15-20
meters wide with a depth of approximately 5 meters.
Figure 6. Contour of the north side of the site
Source: Google Earth
Figure 7. Contour of the south side of the site
Source: Google Earth
Figure 8. Contour of the eastern side of the site
Source: Google Earth
See The view to the site is dominated by dense and poorly organized residential buildings.
Inside the location, the settlement conditions do not have a garbage disposal site so there are
some piles of garbage in the corners of the village. The view of the site is quite varied, the Code
River on the east side, flat buildings on the north side, and roads on the west and south sides.
Caesaria Widi Nugraheny
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Figure 9. View in and out of the site
Source: Author's Analysis
A. Look inside the site
See A
See B
See C
See D
See E
See F
B. Look outside the site
Caesaria Widi Nugraheny
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Journal Indonesian Impressions (JII) Vol. 4, No. 1, January 2025 1017
See
G
See H
See I
See J
See K
See L
See M
Noise
The sound comes from motor vehicles on Jalan Kleringan which is quite busy. Other
noise comes from the railroad tracks located on the south side of the site and has a fairly dense
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Journal Indonesian Impressions (JII) Vol. 4, No. 1, January 2025 1018
train frequency because it is close to the station. In addition, there is the sound the potential
gurgling sound of river water create calm atmosphere.
Smell
The source of the smell comes from the residents' garbage dumps in the corners of the
village. This village does not have a special dump that is easily accessible to residents. In
addition, the close proximity of the houses makes air circulation poor so that the environment
feels stuffy.
Figure 10. Noise and Odor Analysis
Source: Author's analysis
Air Circulation
Air circulation in the village is not good because of the density of settlements. The
condition of the buildings that are close together makes it difficult for air to enter and move.
This causes the village atmosphere to feel stuffy and crowded.
Lighting
The village has very dense buildings so that the roofs between buildings touch each other.
This makes it difficult for sunlight to enter the settlement. This lack of light makes the village
feel dark and gloomy.
Planning Concept
Key Concepts
Flat design starts from the background of the problem being raised. Various problem
formulations are considered in determining the design strategy and application of design
elements.
co-housing design concept focuses on design efficiency in solving existing problems,
starting from function, building area, and number of units. Several aspects can affect the quality
of the environment, interaction, and quality of life of residents. Responses to existing
conditions are also considered in the design so that the design can improve the quality of the
existing environment. Maximizing the fulfillment of balanced social and personal needs for
residents of the flats.
Programmed Concept
User Analysis
The main occupants of this flat design are residents of RT 51 RW 13 Jogoyudan Village.
The existing site conditions have a total of around 76 houses. The occupants of each house are
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assumed to be occupied by 3-5 people. Prospective users already live in this village, so there
is no need for adaptation related to social interaction between neighbors. This also makes it
easier for prospective users to determine their space needs. In addition, units are provided for
new residents from outside the village. In addition to residents, this flat will also be occupied
by employees and visitors from outside, so that required space that can accommodate activity
they. For comparison, looking at the existing flat data which has a footprint area of
approximately 4,100 m2, consisting of 4 blocks with a building area of 500 m2 each with 4
floors. This flat has a total of 96 rooms with an average room area of 24m2. Each room is
occupied by an average of 4 people and has a living room, kitchen, and private bathroom, and
the first floor is used for public space in the form of parking, study room, and kiosk. Based on
the analysis, the land area of 8,450 m2 should be able to accommodate twice the number of
existing flat residents. In addition, the provision of more adequate public space can potentially
improve the social quality of existing flat residents. The target occupants of this flat design are
85 rooms for local villagers and 50 rooms for new residents.
Space Requirements Analysis
Table 1. Analysis of Space Needs for Flat Residents
Source: Author's Analysis
Properties of Space
Space Requirements
Private
Bedroom
Private
WC, Bathroom
Private
Kitchen, dining room
Private
Laundry room, changing room
Private
Study room
General
Living room, family room
General
Green open space, public space, balcony
General
Parking lot
General
Mosque
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General
Outlet Shop
Table 2. Analysis of Flat Visitor Room Needs
Source: Author's Analysis
Activity
Properties of Space
Space Requirements
Storing vehicles
General
Parking lot
Wait
General
Waiting room, common room
Get together and chat
General
Living room, recreation room
Defecate
General
Public toilet
Eat and drink
General
Shared dining room
Recreation or relaxation
General
Green open space, common space
Worship
General
Mosque
Table 3. Analysis of Management Space Requirements for Flats
Source: Author's Analysis
Activity
Properties of Space
Space Requirements
Storing vehicles
General
Parking lot
Administrative work
Private
Employee workspace
Hygiene care
Private
Janitor's room
Utility maintenance
Private
ME Room
Rest, eat, chat
Semi private
Recreation room, dining room
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Defecate
General
Employee Toilet
Worship
General
Mosque
Maintain security
General
security posts
According to the general guidelines for healthy simple houses, the minimum
space requirement for each individual in a simple house is 9m2 with an average ceiling
height of 2.8 meters. A minimum of 76 flats are needed to accommodate the needs of
the existing number of houses. In addition, flat units are also provided for residents
from outside the existing village.
Table 4. Analysis of Space Requirement Size
Source: Author's Analysis
Room Name
Capacity of People
Number of
Spaces
Area per Room
(m2)
Total Room
Area (m2)
Flat Unit Type 1 (Capacity 3 people)
Single Bedroom
1
1
7.5
7.5
Master bedroom
2
1
9
9
Bathroom
1
1
3
3
Sitting room
3
1
6
6
Kitchen
2
1
3
3
Laundry and
drying room
1
1
2
2
Balcony
2
1
1.5
1.5
Total Area
32
Flat Unit Type 2 (Capacity 4 Persons)
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Single Bedroom
1
2
7.5
15
Master bedroom
2
1
9
9
Bathroom
1
1
3
3
Sitting room
4
1
7
7
Kitchen
2
1
3
3
Laundry and
drying room
1
1
2
2
Balcony
2
1
1.5
1.5
Total Area
40.5
Flat Unit Type 3 (Capacity 5 People)
Single Bedroom
1
3
7.5
22.5
Master bedroom
2
1
9
9
Bathroom
1
1
3
3
Sitting room
5
1
8
8
Kitchen
2
1
3
3
Laundry and
drying room
1
1
2
2
Balcony
2
1
1.5
1.5
Total Area
49
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Parking lot
250 motorbikes and
25 cars
1
700
700
Mosque
30
1
60
50
Shared public
space
Green open space (Customize)
Public toilet
1
4
3
12
Outlet Shop
2
10
3
30
Service Room
Office space
2
1
12
12
Janitor
1
1
4
4
MEP Room
1
1
35
35
Employee Toilet
2
2
3
6
security posts
1
1
3
3
Total Area
60
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Space Organization
Figure 14. Spatial Organization Concept
Source : Analysis Writer
Zoning and Mass Configuration
Based on the site analysis that has been explained, the site has the potential to integrate
with the existing flats in the north. There is an open area between the existing flat building
masses that has the potential to be used as an access integration with the new flats. Green open
spaces are placed between the flat building masses and along the river to maximize the view of
the flats. Public spaces are placed on the ground floor to facilitate access and maintain the
privacy of private spaces above.
Figure 15. Concept of Zoning and Mass Configuration
Source: Author's Analysis
Human Circulation
The circulation system on the site is accessible through the space on the ground floor. The
entrance is on Jalan Kleringan and directly faces the public space of the flats. On the ground
floor, the space is accessible to visitors and residents. This aims to maximize the quality of
social interaction on the ground floor and strengthen the integration of the design with the
existing flats. This area consists of a parking area visitors, open area green, and public areas.
To access the private space, residents can pass through the public space on the ground floor
or through access from within the residents' parking area, so that vertical circulation occurs.
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The private space in the form of flat units is arranged vertically to maximize space efficiency
and provide connecting corridors as interaction spaces between residents.
Figure 16. Human Circulation Concept
Source: Author's Analysis
Material
The materials chosen maximize the local potential and adapt to locations prone to flooding,
erosion, and earthquakes. The choice of materials also considers ease of construction. Elements
such as concrete, stone, and wood are used to provide a natural and sustainable feel.
Energy and Utilities
The apartment design is made with a sustainable architectural concept that is
environmentally friendly and energy efficient. Passive design by minimizing the use of
artificial energy such as air conditioning and natural lighting is intended to save energy and
support sustainability.
CONCLUSION
Residential area on the banks of the Code River in Yogyakarta has potential big For
developed become more housing worthy with adopt co-housing principles. Concept This offer
solution to problem density population, degradation environment, and limitations land through
efficiency - focused approach space, sustainability and strengthening connection social
between populations. Research This find that management area co-housing based can give
impact positive in increase quality life residents, such as creation room inclusive communal.
efficiency use land, and application friendly architecture environment. This study also shows
that the implementation of co-housing requires support strong regulation, as stated in
Regulation Government Regulation No. 13 of 2021 concerning Implementation of Flats and
Yogyakarta City Regional Regulation Number 1 of 2015 concerning Detailed Spatial Plan.
In addition, the results study emphasize importance involvement public local in planning
and implementation design For ensure sustainability social and environmental. Integration of
approaches architecture ecological considerations potential local, as proposed by Ragheb et al.
(2015), was also shown to relevant For applied in the area this. In overall, research This give
runway theoretical and practical for development residence vertical based on co-housing in the
riverbank area river as effort sustainable urban regeneration.
Caesaria Widi Nugraheny
Flats On The Banks Of The Code Yogyakarta River With The Principle Of Co-Housing
Journal Indonesian Impressions (JII) Vol. 4, No. 1, January 2025 1026
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