Analysis of the Implementation of Digital Village in Socorejo Village, Tuban District
Rifqi
Aji Saputra1, Tukiman2
Universitas Pembangunan
Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur
rifqiajisptr@gmail.com1
tukiman_upnjatim@yahoo.com2
|
Keywords |
Abstract |
|
Digital
Village, E-Government , Public Services |
Socorejo
Village is one of the areas that is able to implement a digital village in
implementing E-Government for easy access to public services. This study aims
to determine the implementation of digital village in Socorejo Village, Jenu
Sub-district, Tuban Regency. The research method used is descriptive
qualitative with data collection techniques through interviews, observation
and documentation. The focus of this research uses the theory of successful
elements of E-Government implementation based on the results of studies and
research at the Harvard JFK School of Government which consists of support,
capacity and value. The results showed that the implementation of digital
village in Socorejo Village can be said to be successful. This is because the
Socorejo Village Government can fulfill the existing elements of success
starting from support, adequate resource capacity and through the implementation
of digital villages can provide benefits to the village government and the
community. However, continuous and comprehensive socialization is needed and
efforts are needed to improve both quality and quantity and maintenance in
order to continue to support the sustainability of the digital village. |
Corresponding Author : Rifqi Aji Saputra
Email: rifqiajisptr@gmail.com
INTRODUCTION
In
this increasingly modern era, of course we cannot be separated from the current
of globalization which influences life in terms of the development of
information and communication technology which continues to grow rapidly (Marpaung, 2018) . In line with this, the government needs to adapt by
developing and utilizing technology because digital government is one part of
making government services easily accessible to the public. The initial step
for the Indonesian government in developing E-Government was the
issuance of Presidential Instruction Number 3 of 2003
concerning National Policy and Strategy for E-Government Development
(Gioh, 2021) . This instruction outlines the stages that need to be taken
to carry out the E-Government transformation so that government agencies
begin improving access to public services in stages starting from preparation,
implementation, maturation and consolidation.
According to researchers, E-Government is
the use of information technology by the government which transforms the
government's relationship with society using the internet in providing
practical public services (Muliawaty & Hendryawan, 2020) . The implications of implementing electronic systems in
government can have a positive impact by creating openness to the public so as
to create effective, efficient, transparent and accountable Good Governance (Zuhri, 2021) . Therefore,
the presence of E-Government can be a government solution in solving the
problems faced by improving the quality of service by following technological developments
to be able to adapt to the current needs of society.
Regarding
technological developments and transformation of government governance, of
course it does not only occur in urban areas. At this time, village level
governments have also begun to implement digitalization as an application of
E-Government in an effort to keep up with technological developments and
realize good governance (Pertiwi, Dema, Mustanir,
& Anugrah, 2021) . In general, villages are still unfamiliar with
digital-based systems, but in the current digital era, villages need to be
required to follow them so that villages are not left behind. The potential and
challenges of digital villages in overcoming the development gap in the ICT
sector that occurs between cities and villages in Indonesia is the driving
force for the existence of digital villages with the aim of reducing the gap in
information flow that occurs within villages (Alvaro & Octavia, 2019) . In Law Number 6 of 2014
concerning Villages Article 83 states that the development of rural areas is
carried out as an effort to accelerate and improve the quality of public
services including technological development. These public services, both from
an administrative and non-administrative perspective, aim to realize the
effectiveness of village government administration, accelerate improvements in
the quality of public services and improve the quality of village government
governance.
The
digital village concept is the application of technology by villages in
providing public services. Digital villages can be a catalyst in empowering
village communities, enabling village governments to reach the furthest areas
to continue development agendas and utilize computer applications to speed up
public administration services (Jayadisastra,
Lasinta, & Dima, 2023) . This
concept is in accordance with the provisions of Village Minister Regulation no.
13 of 2020 concerning Priority Use of Village Funds and Village Minister
Regulation no. 21 of 2020 concerning General Guidelines for Village Development
and Empowerment. Researchers define digital villages as rural areas and
communities that build their strengths and assets by developing new
opportunities and added value through increasing the use of digital technology,
innovation and making knowledge better (Andari & Ella, 2021) . Thus, digital
villages can be used as a stimulant for improving public services which can
take the form of village websites, use of internet networks and
applications that are in accordance with their potential. Through
digitalization in villages, it is hoped that they will be able to fulfill
various needs optimally and help carry out government activities in the
village.
The
public's desire to access public services more quickly, transparently,
efficiently and economically encourages the government to continue developing
its regions in implementing E-Government. The Tuban Regency Government
has so far continued to make efforts to support digitalization up to the
village government level as the development of the Smart City pillar where
Tuban Regency is included in the "Movement towards 100 Smart Cities ".
Therefore, the Regent of Tuban Regency launched a digital village by
instructing the village government to immediately provide public services with
a digital-based village service system. Socorejo Village, which is in the Jenu
District, Tuban Regency, is one of the villages that are implementing a digital
village in the implementation of E-Government to improve the quality of
public services and as a medium for disseminating village information.
Being
one of the villages that has implemented digitalization in government at the
village level in response to directions from the Regent of Tuban Regency to
implement digitalization, in 2021 Socorejo Village succeeded in receiving an
award from the Tuban Regency Government as the pioneer village of independent
services and the best website manager . Through the implementation of
digital villages, Socorejo Village has a website which is managed quite
actively and is used as a forum for providing information about the village,
village government activities and so on. Apart from that, it is also to
introduce the superior potential of Socorejo Village and a means of disclosing
village government information to the community, such as regarding budget use.
Another digital product available at the Socorejo Village Office is the Village
Independent Service Platform (APMD) which has various letter features such as a
cover letter for KTP, SKTM, and SKCK and so on, where the letter already has an
electronic signature from the village head so it is hoped that it can speed up
the apparatus. village in providing administrative services and making it
easier for the community to submit letter requests.
In
relation to digital villages, this includes the implementation of E-Government,
which in its implementation also creates digital public services. Through the
existence of a digital village, it is hoped that it will be a solution to
public service problems in the form of open access to information and
administrative services. However, there are several obstacles and problems that
occur, such as the implementation of socialization which is still not optimal,
making it a challenge for the village government in introducing the available
digital services. Then the ability of village officials in the field of ICT and
adapting to understanding technology because digital governance should be able
to involve all village officials so that it runs optimally. Apart from that,
the capacity of financial resources is something that needs to be considered to
support the need for facilities and infrastructure in providing them because it
can become an obstacle, such as when trouble occurs, people cannot
access services and can hinder the work of village officials in providing
services. In reality, the implementation of E-Government must be
monitored so that it does not just follow trends so that it is not utilized
optimally. Thus, researchers want to know and understand in depth the
implementation of E-Government through the implementation of digital
villages in Socorejo Village, analyzing it using theory of the elements
of successful implementation of E-Government , namely, support, capacity
and value (Indrajit, 2016) .
RESEARCH METHODS
The research method used in this
research is descriptive qualitative with the resulting data containing detailed
and detailed descriptive explanations based on facts and data in the field.
This was done as an effort to provide an overview and try to describe in depth
the implementation of Digital Villages in Socorejo Village, Jenu District,
Tuban Regency which was analyzed using three elements of successful
implementation of E-Government resulting from studies and research from
the Harvard JFK School of Government , namely support , capacity
and value (Indrajit, 2016). Data
collection techniques include interviews, observation and documentation as well
as using purposive sampling and snowball sampling in determining
research informants. The key informant in this research is the Head of Socorejo
Village with supporting informants including village officials and the
community. Apart from that, the data analysis technique used consists of data
collection, data condensation, data presentation and drawing conclusions and
verification. The data validity test in this research is a credibility test by
carrying out triangulation as a check from various sources, techniques and
time. The data obtained will be arranged and described in harmony with the
research focus
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Digital village is one form or
manifestation of E-Government where in its implementation it is related
to the provision of information, services or products provided by the
government electronically. Researchers say that digitalization is the use of
information and communication technology (ICT) through digital devices such as
computers, smartphones and other similar tools so that mechanisms that
were previously carried out manually become automatic (Ihwanudin et al., 2023) . Thus, a digital
village is a village that uses a digital system and is connected via the
internet to utilize technology to provide services to the community. Through
digitalization in villages, it is an effort by the village government to
empower village potential through the use and knowledge of digital technology
so that it is able to overcome existing limitations in villages, aiming to accelerate access to public services
connected via wireless networks, especially in increasing access to
public services. Therefore, in its implementation it is necessary to have
elements to support the successful implementation of digital villages which are
the key to its success. Based on the data obtained from interviews,
documentation and observations in the field, it is then discussed according to
the research focus on the implementation of digital villages in Socorejo
Village, Jenu District, Tuban Regency which is analyzed using the elements of
successful implementation of E-Government consisting of support ,
capacity and value. (Indrajit, 2016) .
Support
support element
is the first element that the government must have to make the implementation
of E-Government successful (Tamara & Widiyarta, 2023) .
Without a serious desire from the government to implement the E-Government concept,
the implementation cannot proceed as expected. Therefore, implementing a
digital village in Socorejo Village also requires adequate support to make it a
success. In this element, the form of support provided is not just about words,
but there are several points that must be paid attention to, including :
a. There
is a vision and mission
Having a vision and mission will be
able to support efforts to achieve successful implementation of digital
villages in Socorejo Village as a means of renewal and easy access to public
services. Based on research results, the Socorejo Village Government has a
vision and mission in implementing a digital village, namely to realize the
implementation of digital-based public services in the village so as to make it
easier for the community to access open information and facilitate services to
the community. The community can use digital services such as village websites
to obtain various information or village activities and make it easier to
manage letters using the Village Independent Service Platform (APMD) which aims
to make services more effective and efficient and through digitalization the
village is not left behind in technological developments. In this case, the
Head of Socorejo Village fully supports digitalization by committing to
preparing infrastructure, planning and budgeting and preparing human resources.
Apart from that, the Regency Government also supports accelerating the
digitalization process in villages.
b. The
existence of a supporting superstructure (such as laws and government
regulations)
Based on the research results obtained,
it shows that through Law no. 6 of 2014 concerning Villages is a guideline or
foundation for the Socorejo Village Government in implementing digital villages
by developing technology in the village for
effectiveness and ease of access for village communities. Then the rules
regarding electronic signatures used for digital letter services refer to Tuban
Regency Regent Regulation No. 21 of 2019. Apart from that, the Village
Government is also implementing the directions and recommendations from the
Regency Government as best as possible to always focus on providing
technology-based services and continuing to develop the village website. Through
existing regulations, it can support the implementation of digital villages in
Socorejo Village as a form of improving the provision of public services and
information transparency.
c. There
is socialization
Through outreach to existing levels in
government organizations and the community can become supporters in
implementing digital-based government. This socialization can provide new
knowledge for the Socorejo Village Government as the organizer of the digital
village and provide additional information for the community. Based on research
results, the socialization of the implementation of digital villages in
Socorejo Village has been carried out by the Village Government using digital
communication media to the community. Through the RT/RW, it becomes an
intermediary for the Socorejo Village Government in providing outreach
regarding the implementation of a digital village which contains digital-based
public services and the Village Government also provides outreach to the
community when providing services at the village office. Apart from that, the
Communications and Information Service also provides outreach to the Village
Government as an introduction and guidance for implementing digitalization.
However, the implementation of socialization must be carried out continuously
and comprehensively to support the successful implementation of digital
villages so that both the Village Government and the community can understand
digitalization and how to utilize technology.
Capacity
The capacity element
is a form of capability possessed by the government and has an important role
in the successful implementation of E-Government (Zahran, Redjo, & Darmawan,
2024) .
According to researchers, the existence of capabilities in digital government
must also be supported by the availability of adequate resources (Indrajit, 2016) . Therefore, there
are three things that the Socorejo Village Government must have and fulfill in
order to successfully implement a digital village in this element, namely:
a. Availability
of financial resources
The most important resource so that the
plan to implement a digital village in Socorejo Village can be successful, the
Village Government needs to pay attention to the availability of adequate
financial resources, namely in the form of a financial budget. Apart from that,
financial resources can influence the sustainability of the implementation of
digital villages because financial factors will determine the fulfillment of
other resources. Based on the research results, it is known that the Socorejo
Village Government is trying to use budgeted village funds to implement a
digital village optimally. The budget comes from the APBDes which is used to
support digitalization needs such as managing and paying internet service costs
and village website needs as well as a budget for procuring APMD.
b. Availability
of information technology infrastructure
The next need that must be met by the
Government to implement E-Government is the availability of information
technology infrastructure that helps make this implementation a success (Kurniawan, 2022) . The research
results show that Efforts
are made to procure information technology infrastructure in Socorejo Village
to meet digitalization needs. Internet service is a necessity with the
provision of connecting infrastructure for WiFi internet service and is
available at four locations in Socorejo Village. Then have sufficient computers
or laptops and an APMD that people can use to write letters. Apart from that,
the Socorejo Village website is also well managed in providing
information, village activities, the latest news, articles, and so on that can
be accessed by the public. The availability of existing infrastructure in
implementing digital villages is adequate, but further improvement and
maintenance is needed to minimize problems or obstacles occurring.
c. Availability
of human resources.
Human resources play an important role
in operationalizing or running E-Government which is implemented in
accordance with the principles of expected benefits (Angguna, 2015) . Based on the
research results, it shows that the human resources owned by the Socorejo
Village Government come from the Head of the Government Section who is the
village digital service operator. The Village Government maximizes its human
resources to jointly contribute and collaborate to implement a digital village.
The existence of technical guidance and training is intended so that village
officials can keep up with administrative developments which currently use and
utilize technology a lot. Thus, the Socorejo Village Government has sufficient
human resources to support the implementation of digital villages, but efforts
are needed to improve the quality and quantity of village apparatus to help
accommodate work or services.
Value
Benefits are the final element which
refers to the results of implementing E-Government so that it can show
the magnitude of the benefits obtained (Sumarna, 2024) . The magnitude of
the benefits obtained from the implementation of E-Government is not
only determined by the government itself, but also the community as users and
recipients of public services so that it will be felt to be lacking if there
are no parties who feel they have benefited from the implementation (Indrajit, 2016) . Therefore, this
element is one of the keys to the success of implementing a digital village in
Socorejo Village because it determines how much benefit will be received by the
Village Government and the Socorejo Village community. Based on the research results,
it shows that the benefits received by the Socorejo Village Government from
implementing a digital village are in the form of ease in conveying information
to the community. This information is conveyed through the village website which
is also used as a means of demonstrating transparency and accountability to the
community. Then simplify services to the community and digitalization makes it
easier for the Village Government to carry out work thereby supporting
increased performance. Apart from that, it is also used as a medium to
introduce Socorejo Village more widely, especially its tourism potential so
that the outside community becomes more aware and has an influence on the
progress of Socorejo Village.
Furthermore, for the people of Socorejo
Village as recipients of government services, the perceived benefit is that the
information provided through the village website and social media can
provide easy access for the community to find out about news or village
activities and so on, one of which is the requirements needed to take care of
mail needs. Then there is the ease of accessing WiFi services provided
by the village at four village locations and the existence of APMD which makes
it easier for the community to take care of their letter writing needs at the
village office. In this way, public access to information or public services
can become easier, more effective and efficient.
CONCLUSION
The implementation of digital villages
in Socorejo Village, Jenu District, Tuban Regency as a form of E-Government
implementation can be said to be successful. This is because the Socorejo
Village Government has been able to fulfill the three existing elements of
success and can be seen from the support in the form of a vision and
mission which also received support from public officials, the existence of
laws and government regulations as a form of improving the provision of
digital-based public services and the existence of socialization. carried out
by the Village Government to the community using online media and outreach from
the Communications and Information Service to the Village Government in
implementing digitalization. The capacity element shows that the
availability of financial resources is sufficient by making maximum efforts to
use the existing budget for the needs of the digital village, the availability
of adequate supporting technological infrastructure and having sufficient human
resources by maximizing the existing human resources of village officials. The value
element of implementing a digital village in Socorejo Village has been felt
by the Village Government and the community, so it is hoped that digitalization
in the village can help the Village Government improve public services to the
community and increase access to information, making it easier for the
community to obtain public services effectively and efficient.
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