Strategy Management Analysis in Carrying
out VLR by BAPPEDA Lampung Province in Efforts to Report SDGs Achievements
Rama
Editya Gustomo1, Wenny Permata Sari2
Universitas Bandar Lampung
[email protected]1,
[email protected]2
|
Keywords |
Abstract |
|
Strategy
Management, SDGs, VLR, Soft System Methodology |
The
strategy of a business organization or company involves directing the
organization's efforts in utilizing the environment and managing the
company's internal capabilities to achieve the desired goals and objectives.
This research aims to evaluate and develop management strategies implemented
by the Regional Development Planning Agency (BAPPEDA) of Lampung Province in
conducting Voluntary Local Review (VLR) to report the achievement of SDGs in
Lampung province. The type of research used is qualitative with informants in
this study, namely the head of government planning and human development (1
person), young expert planning staff (2 people), and Lampung Province SDGs
secretariat staff (2 people). This research seeks to provide an in-depth
understanding of the factors that influence the success of the VLR, as well
as the opportunities and challenges faced in achieving SDGs targets at the
regional level. The originality of the research lies in the application of
Soft System Methodology (SSM) as a systemic approach in the context of SDGs
reporting at the provincial level and contributes to the understanding of
strategic management in supporting sustainable development. Research using
Soft System Methodology (SSM) on Lampung Province Bappeda's strategy in
implementing Voluntary Local Review (VLR) of SDGs achievements resulted in
recommendations, including increased coordination, management capacity, data
quality, actor empowerment, and transparency and accountability. |
Corresponding Author: Rama Editya Gustomo
E-mail: [email protected]
INTRODUCTION
The
strategy of a business organization or company involves directing the
organization's efforts to utilize the environment and managing the company's
internal capabilities in order to achieve the desired goals and objectives (Barusman
et al., 2022). The success of the strategy is very
dependent on the ability, competence, and involvement of quality human
resources in its implementation (Iswahyudi
et al., 2023). Therefore, the main factor in creating
a good strategy is having good human resources. One step to improve the
performance of human resources in an organization is to pay attention to the
quality of workers while carrying out work tasks (Sari
& Wendra, 2023). The importance of continuously
evaluating the quality of each individual's performance is an important basis
for improving and developing capabilities in the workplace.
In
2015, the United Nations (UN) General Assembly approved the 2030 Agenda for
Sustainable Development (Ciambra
et al., 2023). The 2030 Agenda Sustainable Development
Goals (SDGs) were ratified by the United Nations (UN) as a continuation of the
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) (Ramadhani,
2020). SDGs consist of 17 goals and 169 targets designed to
achieve increased economic prosperity, sustainability of social life,
environmental preservation, and inclusive development. This initiative
strengthens the principle of "Leave No One Behind" to ensure the
universality of the SDGs, applicable to all countries, including Indonesia (Muhamad
Nur Afandi et al., 2021). In 2020, the Lampung Provincial
Government chose the Regional Development Planning Agency (BAPPEDA) as the
Lampung Province TPB/SDGs Secretariat, which produced the Lampung Province
Regional Action Plan for Sustainable Development Goals (RAD TPB/SDGs) for the
2020-2024 period (National,
nd).
A
company needs to design an effective strategy to maintain its existence and
improve its performance. The success of this strategy depends on the ability of
company management to carry out its main functions (Sari et
al., 2022). In an effort to support the achievement of SDGs at the
national level, BAPPEDA Lampung province reported five SDGs that were
priorities in the Voluntary Local Review (VLR), namely: No poverty, No hunger,
Industry, innovation and infrastructure, Reducing inequality, and Sustainable
cities and settlements. This selection is based on relevance to the local
situation and resource efficiency. Even though VLR does not yet have official
status, New York's success in reporting its city's progress has become an
inspiration for many regions, including Lampung Province. However, there are a
number of challenges, including limited data, inter-sector coordination, and
involvement of stakeholders, which are the main focus in preparing the VLR for
Lampung Province.
This
research applies Soft System Methodology (SSM) as a systems approach to dealing
with complex and unstructured problems (Sumadyo,
2016) . SSM is an action research method that adopts models for
organizing discussions in which various conflicting goals, needs, targets,
interests, and values can be identified and discussed comprehensively. SSM is
well suited to address complex challenges related to human behavior (Proches
& Bodhanya, 2015). It serves as a method for structuring
and managing complex problems characterized by unstructured and
difficult-to-describe human and technological interactions. SSM, known as a
participatory method, is used to understand the perspectives of stakeholders in
an organization or group, with the main focus of creating mutual agreement.
A
review of several previously conducted studies, such as that by (Fox &
Macleod, 2023), authors of the VLR Handbook for UK
cities, describes these regional guidelines as focusing on a four-step process
of localization initiated by central, regional, or local: local awareness,
advocacy, implementation, and monitoring. This gradual framework outlines a
linear engagement process that aims to guide the localization process and
provide tools to initiate local discussions. Based on their experience in
localizing the SDGs in Bristol (Macleod
2023) argue that SDGs-inspired networks are often touted as a
means to encourage peer-to-peer learning, but concrete evidence of this is
still limited. The Voluntary Local Review (VLR) process not only functions as a
reporting tool, but is also an important element in monitoring and setting
sustainable development targets. Implementation of VLR provides an opportunity
for a region to evaluate its strategies and goals and identify concrete actions
in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (Araneo,
2023).
Meanwhile,
several previous studies using SSM, such as those conducted by researchers,
have conducted research using the SSM method (Andayani
et al., 2016). This research discusses the problem of
unsustainable red chili production in developing the red chili agribusiness
cluster designed by Bank Indonesia. Red chili supply is hampered. The results
of this research are solutions for developing a cluster model based on
transparency, fairness and integration between all stakeholders using the SSM
model. Subsequent research also uses SSM to discuss the design of a smart
supply chain system for the natural fiber industry (Nurhasanah
et al., 2020).
The
system design is carried out to optimize the sustainability of the natural
fiber supply, which provides economic and environmental benefits. These studies
show that SSM can facilitate dialogue between stakeholders to structure poorly
structured problem situations.
Based
on the application of Soft System Methodology (SSM) in preparing the Voluntary
Local Review (VLR) of SDGs achievements, it was found that data complexity,
involvement of related parties, and preparation of comprehensive reports were
the main challenges. SSM helps identify the root of the problem and formulate
solutions by proposing the implementation of integrated information system management
and collaborative platform development. With this approach, handling these
problems can be more effective and efficient in supporting reporting on SDGs
achievements in Lampung Province.
This
research aims to understand management as well as evaluate and build BAPPEDA's
strategy for Lampung Province in conducting Voluntary Local Review (VLR),
identifying challenges, and exploring opportunities to increase the
effectiveness of reporting and achieving SDGs in Lampung Province. The benefits
of this research include theoretical contributions to the understanding of SDGs
reporting and practical benefits in guiding decision-makers to optimize VLR at
the provincial level.
RESEARCH METHODS
This
research evaluates the management strategy implemented by BAPPEDA Lampung
Province in conducting a Voluntary Local Review (VLR) to report on the
achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Lampung province.
BAPPEDA Lampung Province, as the SDGs secretariat, is the main focus of this
research, and a qualitative approach is used to enable a deeper understanding
of the dynamics involved in implementing this management strategy. In this
research, the selection of informants used purposive techniques, taking into
account criteria that were in accordance with the research objectives. The main
informant is the Head of Government Planning and Human Development, who has a
key role in preparing the VLR SDGs for Lampung Province. Other informants
involved Young Expert Planning Staff and Staff at the Lampung Province SDGs
secretariat, selected based on their intensive involvement in the activities
that were the focus of the research. The data collection phase in this research
involved two main methods, namely interviews and documentation. In this
research, interviews were conducted by asking direct questions to various
parties involved in implementing VLR SDGs Achievements in Lampung Province. Documentation
is carried out by reading notes or documented data, especially regarding the
strategies implemented by local governments and stakeholders in implementing
VLR for SDGs achievements in Lampung Province. Various forms of documentation,
such as writing, images, or recordings, are crucial because most of the facts
and data are documented in them. Qualitative data analysis activities
are interactive and continue continuously until they reach the point of
saturation, where the data is considered adequate. In this research, the steps
for qualitative data analysis include data reduction, data display,
and concluding drawing.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Based
on the steps developed through the Soft
System Methodology (SSM) approach, the following is an explanation of
the results and discussion obtained from each stage that has been studied (Barusman
& Yusuf, 2017) :
One of
the crucial problems in this research lies in the limited provincial VLR
references, which can be used as the main source in compiling VLRs related to
SDGs achievements in Lampung Province.
Picture 1 Stages
Soft Systems Methodology
In this
research, a number of problems related to the Lampung Province Bappeda strategy
in implementing VLR for SDGs achievements in Lampung province can be identified
as follows:
1. VLR Reference Limitations. There are
limited VLR references from other provinces because there are very few regions
in Indonesia that compile VLRs. These limitations may affect the preparation of VLR And determine framework Work as well as parameter-appropriate evaluation.
2. Data Improvement and Continuous Strategy.
The need for improvements in data and the formulation of focused strategies.
Synchronization of medium and long-term development targets with the
achievement of the SDGs requires a mature and focused strategy.
3. Active Role Device Regions and
Collaboration. The role required active
collaboration from regional officials in preparing VLR and implementing SDG
achievement strategies. Good coordination between relevant sectors will ensure
good coverage in the report, and synergy between stakeholders needs to be
improved.
4. Increasing Public Awareness. Further
efforts are needed to increase public awareness and understanding of the SDGs.
Education and socialization at the local level
can create support
and participation, Which
is wider for the public.
5. Information Technology and Data
Management System Updates. Technology updates require information and management systems data to improve efficiency and accuracy in collecting, analyzing, and
reporting SDGs data. Advanced technology can make data management easier,
reduce human error, and increase timeliness in reporting SDGs achievements.
To
convey the problematic conditions in implementing the strategy to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
through VLR in Lampung Province, this rich picture depicts various problems
that arise and highlights the values believed in through strategically placed
symbols. In this way, the visualization not only reflects the problems faced
but also provides a comprehensive picture of the complex dynamics involved in
achieving the SDGs through VLR.
Based
on the rich picture, there are a number of problems in the strategy implemented
by BAPPEDA Province Lampung to reach Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through Voluntary Local Review (VLR). The main challenge involves the
need for more references regarding the implementation of VLR in other
provinces, making it difficult to access relevant data. Other obstacles include
a need for optimal coordination between regional apparatus. The UN policy,
which gives a mandate to Bappenas, shows the need for BAPPEDA to develop an
effective strategy for implementing VLR in achieving SDGs in each region.
c. Definition Root (Root Definition)
The
strategy implementation system for conducting Voluntary Local Reviews (VLR) to achieve the Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs) in Lampung Province (P) involves the implementation of
various programs with effectiveness and accuracy of targets and involves
various sectors (Q). The
main objective is to create a VLR That reflects the optimal achievement of SDGs
in Lampung Province so that results reports can be submitted nationally and
internationally (R). Strategy is
planning action to achieve long-term goals and involves business
individuals or groups
utilizing capabilities and resources (Subyantoro
& Suwarto, 2020). Apart from program planning and
implementation, strategy is also integrated
cooperation cross-sector to approach holistic
and sustainable in achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). With active involvement
and synergy between local governments, the private sector, community
institutions, and international institutions, the strategy aims to create a VLR
that reflects the achievement of the SDGs at the local and local levels. It can be expressed effectively in level national and international. Collaboration
cross-sectors are the main basis for achieving the Sustainable
Development Goals in Lampung Province.
|
Leveling |
Party Which
involved |
Focus Issue |
Characteristic |
|
Directive |
�Local government �Leader
provincial SDGs �SDGs Secretariat province |
�Policy in
the SDGs �Briefing and
Supervision �Strategy Coordination
Team |
�Planning �Strategic �Policy |
|
Strategic |
�Strategic Management �BAPPEDA
province �Corporate Social Responsibility |
�Planning
and implementation of the VLR Strategy to achieve the SDGs �Handling Process
and Data problems: Which
accurate �Coordination Management between sectors |
�Management �Drafting and
Organizational Structure �Evaluation and Control |
|
Tactical |
�Information search
effective �Improved
capabilities design
team �Organization
Non- Government (NGO) |
�Insufficient data efficient �Five TPB (1,2,9,10,11) �Which becomes
the main focus �Increasing human resource capacity through
institutions and institutions �Community that supports
the implementation of the SDGs. |
�Technical, operational
aspects in strategy formulation �Increased referrals data
source �Collaboration
between related
institutions and partnerships |
|
Operational |
�Staff SDGs Secretariat �MBKM student
SDGs |
|
�Strategy �SDGs Secretariat Province |
|
|
�Efficiency
Design Team �Personal improvement and skills �Connection dynamic
social. |
To
explain the strategic process of the Lampung Province Bappeda in carrying out the Voluntary Local Review (VLR) as
an effort to report on the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs), the analysis was carried out using the CATWOE table.
|
|
Description |
Results Definition |
|
C |
Customer: Individuals who have influence or are affected by the system. |
Staff Secretariat SDGs,
SDGs Center UBL,
CSR Staff Secretariat SDGs:
Responsible answer in providing
instructions regarding creating a VLR. SDGs
Center UBL: On duty, look for elements
That will be entered into the VLR. CSR:
The Party That follows contributes to conveying data on programs or activities that
support the achievement of SDGs. |
|
A |
Actors: Individuals and role systems in certain activities. |
Service Education, Service Health,
Service Environment Life,
Public Works Department, Social Service, and Industry Service: Every service has a responsibility to
answer, especially in respective fields, to support the
achievement of sustainable development
goals. Central Statistics Agency (BPS):
responsible for collecting, process, And providing data
statistics relevant and
accurate in relation to SDGs indicators. |
|
Q |
Transformation: Processes and changes that occur. |
Effective strategies in carrying out Voluntary Local Reviews (VLR) To reach Objective sustainable development (SDGs)
in Lampung Province involve a number of initiatives, such as implementing
various programs, training, development, analysis, and policy formulation. |
|
W |
World-view: Consequences of implementation system. |
The emergence of a solid understanding
together among all elements involved, with the objective
that they have a sense of responsibility in the process of planning,
controlling, and improving effective strategies in implementing the Voluntary
Local Review (VLR) to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in
Lampung Province on an ongoing basis. |
|
O |
Owner: Parties
who have interests. |
BAPPEDA, SDGs Center University, Institution Community
Self-Help, Regional Government |
|
E |
Environment: Environmental boundaries encompassing
the system and its impacts. |
The current strategy for collecting VLR
data still needs to be better organized in
a way, And the scope Is limited.
Besides, Therefore, there needs to
be more active collaboration from various parties. |
d. � Model Conceptual
By
referring to the root definition,
a conceptual model is then created to identify the activities needed in the Voluntary Local Review (VLR)
implementation strategy to achieve the
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (Burger
& Parker, 2022). This conceptual model is adaptive,
involving the activities of the actors,
and there is feedback between the process and the actors in the system.
e. � Between Model And World Real
After
obtaining a conceptual model, the next step is to compare the conceptual model
of the human activity system with real
situations in the world, which then produces recommendations regarding what
elements should be maintained, improved, or created new ones. The
recommendations produced in this process cover five main aspects, namely,
implementing effective coordination, increasing management capacity, improving
data quality, improving actor empowerment, and higher transparency and
accountability.
Table 3 Comparison Model with World Real
|
Activity |
Condition Real
world |
Recommendation |
|
Carry out coordination effective |
The power compiler
and inter-coordination party are still not structured optimally |
Increasing training for drafting staff,
establishing a clear coordination structure, and strengthening communication
to ensure efficiency and effectiveness in the entire process preparation VLR. |
|
Increased
management capacity |
Capacity for
understanding VLR, which is still limited Because few
references |
Strengthening management capacity,
especially in matters of understanding VLR management strategy, planning,
organizing, and monitoring in government and related sectors. |
|
Improve
improvements data quality. |
Collection data
that tends not to vary |
Identify and overcome limitations of
relevant and accurate data, including ensuring the accuracy of data from the
right sources. |
|
Improving
perpetrator empowerment |
Lack of collaboration from various party in VLR
achievement SDGs |
Hold training to improve understanding And
the relevance of SDGs in everyday life for the parties involved. |
|
Transparency and
accountability are high. |
Supervision and
monitoring in carrying out data collection Still less effective |
Increase transparency and
accountability in the entire VLR preparation process with an effective
monitoring system, ensuring implementation according to plan And standard.
Increased openness is needed data to ensure accuracy in reflecting progress achievement
Objective Sustainable Development.�� |
f. � Plan change
The Lampung Province Bappeda has the main objective of
developing a holistic strategy in the change plan to improve the quality of Voluntary Local Review (VLR)
preparation in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Steps include
enhancement training And Skills power preparers
through regular training programs, with a focus on understanding SDG indicators
and techniques for preparing accurate reports. In addition, strengthening a
structured coordination structure involving all stakeholders, including local
governments and related sectors, is carried out to ensure effective and
synergistic collaboration throughout the VLR preparation stages. The Lampung
Province Bappeda change plan aims to increase management capacity in all
sectors by focusing on VLR management strategies, planning, organizing, and
monitoring. The main priority is improving data quality by identifying
limitations and ensuring
accurate data through evaluation continuously. Efforts
were also made To increase understanding And relevance of SDGs
through training. Step lastly involves implementation system supervision and mechanisms reporting
that are more open to increase transparency and accountability in preparation for VLR and ensure implementation in accordance with the standard that has been set.
Plan this aims to achieve
positive and sustainable change in achieving SDGs in Lampung Province.
The strategy system implemented in the Voluntary Local Review (VLR) by Bappeda Lampung Province
requires structured and accurate steps (Moinuddin et al., 2021). In reporting achievement SDGs, elements and the data entered
must be appropriate with the reality of the achievements that have
occurred. Strategy formulation needs to be designed and implemented
comprehensively, including evaluation and monitoring throughout its
implementation, to guide the direction of the goals to be achieved. In
implementing VLR, there are three key elements: thorough situation analysis to
understand conditions and challenges, participation active
from various holder
interests, and the formulation of concrete programs and policies. This approach is expected to
make VLR an effective instrument in achieving sustainable development goals at
the local level.
Recommendations in the context of policy changes are an effort to
improve conditions that are less than optimal. After the implementation of
changes, the problem situation undergoes modification, becoming a continuous
cycle with continuous improvement. The importance of stakeholder views and
collaboration stands out in establishing optimal strategies. Further research
is needed on effective institutional systems with evaluation of existing
institutional monitoring processes. This is important to understand the type of
intervention that will be implemented by the institution, especially regarding
the strategy for implementing VLR to achieve SDGs in the future.
The research uses Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) to understand the strategy of Lampung
Province Bappeda in carrying out a
Voluntary Local Review (VLR) related to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (Wang et al., 2015). Identification of problems includes limited VLR references,
data improvement, the role of regional officials, public awareness, and
information technology updates. The rich picture provides a comprehensive
overview, while root definition and Problem
hierarchy analysis describe the achievement of VLR strategy system SDGs. CATWOE analysis addresses key
elements, and the conceptual model provides an overview of strategic activities
(Marttunen et al., 2017). Comparison of the model with the real world produces
recommendations for change, including improving coordination, management
capacity, data quality, actor empowerment, and transparency and accountability.
The change plan includes training, collaboration, enhancement capacity, and transparency to increase the effectiveness of the VLR strategy for
achieving SDGs in Lampung Province. Five important things in this research
involve limited VLR references, data improvement, the role of regional
officials, public awareness, and information technology updates. Solutions
include improved information exchange, monitoring systems, creation of work
teams, local education programs, and investment in information technology and
data management.
CONCLUSION
The
results of research on the VLR Strategy by Bappeda of Lampung Province in
achieving the SDGs show several aspects that need to be considered: The main
challenge is the limited references from other provinces, which hinders the
design of effective strategies. It is recommended to expand cross-regional
information exchange. Improved data and a more focused strategy are needed to
achieve the SDGs. It is recommended to focus on implementing an effective
monitoring system and formulating measurable follow-up plans. The importance of
the active role of regional officials and collaboration in preparing the VLR
and implementing strategies for achieving the SDGs. It is recommended to form a
good work team and increase public awareness through education and outreach
programs at the local level.
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