IMPLEMENTATION OF COMMUNITY-BASED DRINKING WATER PROVISION AND SANITATION PROGRAM (PAMSIMAS)

 

Elanda Wulandari1, Dimas Imaniar2, Safrieta Jatu Permatasari3

Universitas 17 Agutus 1945 Banyuwangi

elandawulandari748@gmail.com1, dimasimaniars@gmail.com2,

safrieta@untag-banyuwangi.ac.id3

 

Keywords

Abstract

Pamsimas Program, Community-based Water and Sanitation, Implementation Challenges in Bomo Village

This research was motivated by problems that stemmed from the non-implementation of the Pamsimas program in Bomo Village, Blimbingsari District, Banyuwangi Regency even though a building had been provided, as well as the presence of damaged or incomplete equipment in the Pamsimas building so that the implementation of the program was hampered. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of village development programs in Blimbingsari District, especially through community-based drinking water and sanitation programs, with a focus on changes in Bomo Village. This research uses a qualitative descriptive research type. The data collection techniques were interviews and observations based on Pamsimas program data in Bomo Village. The results of research conducted using several indicators proposed by George Edward III (1980), namely communication, resources, disposition and bureaucratic structure, show that implementation, communication is very important and plays an important role in knowing what the implementer must do. Disposition as an implementing attitude. The important thing about disposition variables is; bureaucratic appointments, and incentives. If the Bomo Village Government wants to get effective results, its officials must not only know but also have the ability to implement it. There are 2 main characteristics of a bureaucratic structure, namely; standard operating procedures, and fragmentation. Bureaucratic structure can influence the successful implementation of a policy. Policy implementation is a quite complex process that requires strong and conductive bureaucratic cooperation. The community-based drinking water and sanitation program (pamsimas) in Bomo village, Blimbingsari subdistrict, Banyuwangi district has not been running well and the implementation process is still not optimal because the community still complains about the pamsimas program system.

Corresponding Author : Elanda Wulandari 

Email: elandawulandari748@gmail.com

Description: https://jurnal.syntax-idea.co.id/public/site/images/idea/88x31.png

 

 

INTRODUCTION

Providing drinking water is a particular concern for developed and developing countries. Indonesia and other developing countries are not free from drinking water supply problems (Awan et al., nd). The government's role is very much needed in ensuring the fulfillment of people's rights to drinking water and access to drinking water (Roza & Arliman, 2018). In order to develop and provide optimal drinking water services, the central government gives regions the authority to manage and distribute drinking water (Sofi & Pusat, 2020). Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning regional government, article 12 paragraph 1 states that one of the mandatory government affairs relating to basic services is public works and spatial planning, drinking water sub-affairs (Hsb, 2019). In the drinking water sub-affairs, Regency/City Governments are obliged to carry out management and development of drinking water supply systems in Regency or City areas (Selin Nur, 2018)

The lack of public awareness regarding environmental health and cleanliness is not caused by Banyuwangi Regent Regulation Number 9 of 2016, which states Regional Policies and Strategies for developing the Banyuwangi Regency drinking water supply system. Drinking (SPAM) aims to build, expand and improve physical (technical) and non-physical (institutional, management, financial, community participation, and legal) systems.

Researchers explain that to reach conditions for a healthy and prosperous society in the future, the environment will be very necessary for healthy settlements _ (Sa'ban et al., 2021). From the waste aspect, the word healthy means a condition that can be achieved if waste can be appropriately managed so that it is clean from residential environments where humans are active. Cleanliness is a reflection for every individual in maintaining health, which is so essential in everyday life. Cleanliness is also a condition that is free from all dirt, disease, etc., which can be detrimental to all aspects related to every activity and behavior in the community's environment.

In complete unity to provide drinking water to the community towards a better and more prosperous condition, as referred to in letter A, it is necessary to stipulate a Regent's regulation regarding Regional Policy and Strategy for the Banyuwangi Regency drinking water supply system. By CHAPTER I General provisions Article 1 paragraph 5-8 which reads: 5) Master Plan for the development of Banyuwangi Regency's drinking water supply system, from now on abbreviated as RI SPAM Regency, is a long-term plan (Hidayah, nd)

(15 to 20 years) It is part of the initial stage of piped and non-network drinking water planning based on projected drinking water needs in the Banyuwangi Regency area in one period. It is divided into several stages and contains the system's main components and dimensions. 6) the drinking water supply system, from now on referred to as SPAM, is a unified physical (technical) and non-physical system of drinking water infrastructure and facilities. 7) Implementation of SPAM development involves planning, implementing, constructing, managing, maintaining, rehabilitating, monitoring, and evaluating physical (technical) and non-physical systems for drinking water supply. 8) Regional policies and strategies for drinking water supply systems, abbreviated as JAKSTRADA-SPAM, are guidelines for implementing a quality water supply system throughout the Banyuwangi Regency area (Kondoy et al., 2022).

In this case, community groups can be in the form of an association of residents using drinking water (HIPPAM) who are in rural areas and managed by the village government. This is a form of implementing village autonomy in organizing the drinking water supply system. Further provisions regarding the implementation of the handover of affairs under the authority of the Regency/City to the Village are regulated by Regency/City regional regulations (Elcaputera, 2021)

HIPPAM is a water management organization in rural areas. HIPPAM usually utilizes water sources in their respective areas through guidance from the Cipta Karya Public Works Department. This guidance is mainly for the issue of resource use licensing mechanisms (Pratama, nd)

 water, technical management, and technical management of HIPPAM. As implemented in Bomo village, Blimbingsari subdistrict, through this program starting in 2019, it has succeeded in improving drinking water and sanitation services and increasing the values and behavior of clean and healthy living. According to the Head of Bomo Village, we received 40 people from Sandes to get aid. Through the community-based drinking water and sanitation provision program in this rural sanitation program, the Head of Bomo Village carries out evaluations every three months in 1 year. Residents' access to domestic wastewater facilities in disadvantaged village areas is related to health, environmental and poverty aspects (Suliyanto & Musthofa, 2020)

The current era of regional autonomy requires regional governments to provide improved services to the community in all development sectors. One form of basic service, which is the duty and responsibility of the Regency/City regional government, is the provision of drinking water and sanitation needs, which are closely related to public health conditions. Clean and healthy living behavior is critical and a challenge in realizing public health. This is because apart from the fact that people's awareness of healthy living is still doubtful, the means to behave cleanly and healthily in society are still felt to be very limited (Hayati, 2023)

Seeing the various challenges faced in providing adequate drinking water and sanitation services, the third water supply and sanitation for low-income communities (WSLIC) program was born, which became known as PAMSIMAS (Community Based Drinking Water and Sanitation Provision) in order to create a clean and living community. Healthy through the provision of clean water and sanitation services. The implementation of the PAMSIMAS program is based on government policy as stated in Law Number 17 of 2007 concerning the National Long Term Development Plan (RPJPN) 2005-2025. The RPJPN observes that at the end of the 2015-2019 RPJPN period, essential drinking water and sanitation services can be enjoyed by all Indonesian people (Surbakti et al., 2022)

There are five program components in the PAMSIMAS program, namely: 1) community empowerment and development of regional institutions, 2) improvement of hygienic behavior and sanitation services, 3) provision of drinking water and public sanitation facilities, 4) Village/Kelurahan and Regency/City incentives, 5) management support for program implementation. This program is implemented in rural and suburban areas. The PAMSIMAS program aims to increase the number of underserved communities, including low-income communities in rural and peripheral areas, so they can access sustainable drinking water and sanitation services, increase the application of values and behave in a clean and healthy lifestyle in order to achieve drinking water and sanitation sector targets through administrators. Prioritization and expansion of community-based development approaches (Chusniati, 2018)

The Pamsimas program is a form of real action from the Indonesian government, both central and regional, in efforts to develop villages, increase the provision of community-based drinking water and sanitation, and improve public health and the environment in villages, as try to reduce the number of diarrheal diseases and other diseases transmitted through water. Moreover, the environment is not clean (Chaerunnissa, 2015). The scope of the Pamsimas program activities is as follows:

1.       Community empowerment and local institutional development

2.       Improved health and hygienic behavior and sanitation services

3.       Provision of Drinking Water and Public Sanitation Facilities

4.       Incentives for Villages/Subdistricts and Regencies/Cities

5.       And implementation support and project management

The Pamsimas program is one of the central government's development programs that goes into villages to solve all problems related to water and the environment on a community basis. Of course, This program's initial aim is to help people in villages. In terms of various water needs for daily life activities and the health of the environment where they live, this program is not only for underdeveloped villages but for all villages that need water facilities or lack access to water in their villages in order to improve the welfare of the community (Firdaus, 2020).

The Pamsimas program is implemented in rural areas and on the city outskirts, such as in Bomo Village and Blimbingsari District. However, the implementation of the Pamsimas program has several problems, starting from the Pamsimas program not running in Bomo Village, Blimbingsari District, Banyuwangi Regency even though a building has been provided, as well as damaged or incomplete equipment in the Pamsimas building so that the implementation of the program is hampered. There is a lack of direct involvement from the community. In Bomo Village, coordination is needed on the part of Pamsimas' management. As for achievements of the Pamsimas program success :

1.   There is a continuity of drinking water and sanitation services

2.   There is a change in people's behavior toward healthy living behavior, and there is an increase in health and sanitation services

3.   There is a priority program for poor and marginalized communities

The expected benefits of the program can increase the number of people who have access to clean water or adequate drinking water and sanitation and practice clean and healthy living behavior as part of efforts to achieve the MDG targets in the drinking water and sanitation sector through mainstreaming and expansion efforts. Scaling up community-based programs nationally. The detailed benefits generated by the Pamsimas program are as follows:

1.   Maintaining human health

2.   Prevent or provide compensation for loss of assets and livelihoods

3.   Prevent environmental damage caused by development, individually or collectively

4.   Encourage the achievement of positive impacts on the environment

5.   and minimize negative social, economic and environmental impacts desired.

6.   Change the Public towards clean and healthy living behavior and improve health services.

Programs for providing community facilities and infrastructure, such as drinking water, sanitation, and environmental health facilities, will be more effective and sustainable if they are community-based. According to Ir. Diana Kusumastuti, MT, With clean water, adequate environmental sanitation, healthy housing and settlements, regional planning with a health perspective, and the realization of people living healthy lives and helping each other by maintaining national culture. The aim of the community-based drinking water and sanitation provision program is to increase access to clean water and sanitation to change clean and healthy living behavior for the community, especially low-income communities. Specifically, the program for providing drinking water and sanitation in rural areas to improve community welfare aims to increase healthy living practices in the community (Hashanah, 2019).

The Pasimas program is a form of real action from the Indonesian government, both central and regional, in efforts to develop villages, increase the provision of clean water and community-based sanitation, and improve public health in the village environment, as well as try to reduce the number of stunting and other diseases transmitted by water and unclean environment. The scope of the pastimes program activities is: 1) Empowerment of Community and local institutional development, 2) Improving health and hygienic behavior and services, 3) Providing drinking water and public sanitation facilities, and 4 ) Project implementation and management support.

Pasimas is a program to provide clean drinking water, sanitation and health. Pasimas can run effectively and sustainably if it is community-based by involving the entire community, both women and men, both rich and poor and carried out through an approach that is responsive to community needs. The project is responsive to community needs. It is hoped that the community can participate actively in preparing, implementing, operationalizing and maintaining the facilities that have been built, as well as continuing activities to increase the level of healthy living or health (Saputra, 2016).

The implementation of this community-based drinking water and sanitation program, or Pasimas, is a program issued by the Ministry of Public Works, and the regional implementer is the Cipta Karya Service in coordination with the Banyuwangi District Health Service. The Department of Human Settlements is the implementer of the physical construction of community-based sanitation water storage buildings. Under the supervision of the Health Service, it provides services to change the habits and behavior of the community through non-physical trigger activities in its construction as carried out by the Department Create Work (West, n.d.).

Before this program came to their Village, the residents of Bomo village carried out some of their life activities related to river water, such as bathing, defecating, washing clothes, and washing dishes. Activities or habits carried out that are not good or unhealthy. These activities can cause several diseases caused by water and dirty environments, such as diarrhea, and not only that, the surrounding environment will indeed become unclean and unhealthy due to community activities or habits that will be detrimental to the community itself (Wicaksono & Ferdiansyah Maulana, 2021).

This unhealthy lifestyle can be abandoned and changed gradually with the sanitation program. The community created a water reservoir with a designated storage point for the Pamsimas water reservoir to be distributed to residents' homes in Bomo village. Apart from that, residents or residents in the Village have made toilets or WCs for those who carry out their life activities to change the habit of people's daily activities at the River to using private toilets (Yolanda, 2020).

Programs for providing community facilities and infrastructure, such as drinking water, sanitation, and environmental health, will be more effective and sustainable if they are community-based. Availability of clean drinking water, adequate environmental sanitation, healthy housing and settlements, regional planning with a health perspective, and the realization of community life with a national culture. The aim of the community-based drinking water and sanitation provision program is to increase access to clean water and sanitation to change clean and healthy living behavior for the community, especially low-income communities in particular. The labor-intensive rural sanitation program to improve community welfare aims to increase healthy living practices in the community (Miranti & Sekarina, 2022). It explains what exists in Bomo Village, Blimbingsari District, and Banyuwangi Regency regarding implementing a community-based drinking water supply sanitation program because poverty and healthy living are the problems and issues in this Village.

Less strategic placement of storage facilities. Placement of storage points or water reservoirs should be placed in appropriate and strategic places with residential areas that will be irrigated, resulting in inappropriate placement and inappropriate placement that stores less strategic things. Residents in the Village need to use the watered torvoir properly, and residents do not only choose to return to the River. It is not just from less strategic storage because the community in Bomo Village feels that the placement of the shelters is not evenly distributed, causing residents to return to defecating or carrying out their daily activities as before the sanitation program and provision of clean drinking water entered their Village.

Lack of public awareness regarding environmental health and cleanliness. In the beginning, before the program entered Bomo Village, the daily activities of the people in the Village that were related to water were doing things in the River, such as bathing and defecating, so that people's health could be disturbed. Environmental cleanliness could be disturbed (Batoro, 2017). This illustrates that people in the Village need more awareness of the importance of health and protecting the environment for survival.

Data on people who received or received the Work-Intensive Rural Sanitation Program for National Economic Recovery (SANDERS PEN) for the 2022 fiscal year:

 

Table 1 Data on communities receiving rural sanitation programs

 for economic recovery for fiscal year 2022

NO

NAME

WATER SOURCES

1

Sarbini

Well

2

Mohammad Misrani

Well

3

Heri Siswanto

Well

4

Edy Hariyanto

Well

5

Suwarni

Well

6

Agus Suyanto

Well

7

Supiyah

Well

8

Supiyono

Well

9

Agus Hariyanto

Well

10

Mislan

Well

11

Sri Wahyuni

Well

12

Roni Kusdi W

Well

13

Superman

Well

14

Munah

Well

15

Sapiyah

Well

16

Journal

Well

17

Sofyan Hadi

Well

18

Ponijan

Well

19

Sujito

Well

20

Karmuji

Well

Source: Managed researcher from Bomo Village (2023)

Based on the description  presented above, it can be said that the problems that occurred in the community-based water supply and sanitation program, namely at the beginning of the program to be realized in Bomo Village, Blimbingsari Sub-district, Banyuwangi Regency, were the lack of community participation for implementers, which became an initial obstacle in the program. As well as the lack of community role in the implementation of this program so that it can run well and be useful. So that the implementers and implementation of the program still have several obstacles or problems that arise and interfere with the implementation of the program running well. presented above, it can be said that the problem that occurred in the community-based drinking water and sanitation program, namely at the beginning of the program being realized in Bomo Village, Blimbingsari District, Banyuwangi Regency, was the lack of community participation for implementing it, which was the initial obstacle in the program as well as the lack of community role in the implementing this program so that it can run well and be effective. So, the executor And implementation of the program, several obstacles or problems still arise and interfere with the program implementation running well (Margayaningsih, 2018).

This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of village development programs in Blimbingsari District, mainly through community-based drinking water and sanitation provision programs, focusing on changes in Bomo Village. The theoretical benefits of this research include contributions to theory development for academics and literature in Public Administration Science. Practically, this research is expected to improve student's learning quality and insight, provide a direct understanding of the implementation of labor-intensive rural Pamsimas and Sanitation program policies, and provide valuable input to program implementers (Komanlias, 2022).

 

RESEARCH METHODS

Study This qualitative approach will produce data in the form of relevant written or spoken words. This qualitative approach can obtain more in-depth data, develop a theory, and describe the studied phenomenon. In this research, the researcher used a qualitative descriptive approach, namely searching for facts with appropriate interpretation, studying a problem in society, as well as specific situations, including relationships, activities, and attitudes, as well as ongoing processes and the influence of a phenomenon.

 

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Job Characteristics of Bomo Village Residents

Most of the people of Bomo Village have livelihoods as agricultural laborers and farmers. It can be seen that 930 people earn their livelihood as farmers and 841 people earn their livelihood as agricultural laborers. Apart from making a living as farmers and laborers, the work of the Bomo Village Community is also diverse, including livestock breeders with a total of 450 people. One hundred sixty small, medium, and prominent entrepreneurs, 150 private company employees, and ten government company employees. Fishermen with a total of 480 people. There are 900 casual daily workers, 25 drivers, 20 security guards, three police, 105 religious leaders, and those who have not 150 people.

Table 2 Job Characteristics of Bomo Village Residents

Type Work

Amount

Farm workers

930 people

Breeder

450 people

Fisherman

480 people

National Police

Three people

Private Company Employees

150 people

Government Company Employees

Ten people

Freelance

900 people

Driver

25 people

Security guard or Security

20 people

Total Population

5,821 people

Source: Managed By Researcher 2024

Based on the table above, the occupation of the population in Bomo Village, with the majority being farm laborers, farmers and fishermen, also influences the development of the Pamsimas program. Only a little is known about the Pamsimas program because most people are more concerned with harvest results than knowing the results of existing information. Therefore, the task of the Bomo Village Government is to socialize the Pamsimas program. The Bomo Village Government, in carrying out its duties to convey or disseminate information related to the Pamsimas program, experienced various obstacles due to a lack of enthusiasm from the community. However, the Bomo Village government continues to strive to carry out its duties in providing information regarding the existing Pamsimas program (Nurdiyana & Sos, 2022).

Residents of Bomo Village

Poverty that occurs in society is an obstacle to the development process. Poverty is caused by many related factors, namely absolute poverty, relative poverty, structural poverty, chronic poverty, and temporary poverty. These various types of poverty indicate a person's economic inability to fulfill basic needs in food, clothing and shelter (Rasu et al., 2021).

Data on the poor population of Bomo Village, Blimbingsari District, Banyuwangi Regency is 2224.

Table 3 Poor Population of Bomo Village

Hamlet name

Amount

Kedunen

899

Jatisari

790

Krajan

535

Source: Government Village Bomo, processed By Researcher: 2024

The Bomo Village Government, as the front guard in alleviating poverty, is implementing the Pamsimas program, which is a pattern of poverty alleviation so that they have adequate facilities. The government defines the location of the bathroom. The government defines bathrooms as unfit because they need to meet hygiene requirements, which are less than the general worker's limit.

Water resources

The Pamsimas program is one of the Central Government's development programs that goes into villages to solve all problems related to water and the environment on a community basis. This program exists, of course, with the initial aim to help with water needs for their daily life activities and the health of their environment. This program is not only for underdeveloped villages but for all villages that need water facilities or lack access to water in their villages in order to improve the welfare of the people in those villages (Firdaus, 2020).

 

 

 

 

 

1.          Clean Water Source

Table 4 Water Potential and Water Resources

Type

Number of units

Utilization (KK)

Good/Damaged Condition

Dig well

1500

0

Good

 

Refill depot

3

200

Good

 

 

2.         Water Potential and Water Resources

Water resources

Potency

River

Currently

 

3.         Drinking water quality

Type

Smelly

Colored

Taste

Good

Dig well

No

No

No

Yes

Source: Government Village Bomo, processed By Researcher: 2024

This program, of course, is not only for underdeveloped villages but also for those who need water facilities or lack access to water in their Village to improve the welfare of those in that Village. Meanwhile, in implementing the Pamsimas program, the Bomo Village Government was able to achieve Pamsimas success:

1.       There is continuity service drinking water and sanitation facilities

2.       There is a change in community behavior towards healthy living behavior and increased health and sanitation services.

3.       There is a priority program for poor and marginalized communities.

The expected benefits of the program include increasing the number of people accessing clean water or drinking water and proper sanitation, as well as practicing clean and healthy living behavior. The detailed benefits generated by the Pamsimas program are as follows:

1.          Maintaining human hygiene

2.          Prevent or provide compensation for loss of assets and livelihoods

3.          Prevent environmental damage caused by individual or collective development.

4.          Encourage the achievement of positive impacts on the environment.

5.          Avoid or minimize undesirable economic, social and environmental impacts.

6.          Changes in community behavior towards clean and healthy living behavior and improving health services.

For selection purposes, villages/sub-districts deemed worthy of being target locations for the Pamsimas program include the following:

1.        High sub-district village poverty index

2.        Villages/Kelurahan that have limited access to clean water/drinking water and community-based sanitation.

3.        Villages/Kelurahan with high levels of diarrhea or water-related diseases

4.        Villages/Kelurahan have not received a similar program in the last two years.

The results of the field research explain the existence of poor people who live near rivers and have low incomes whom the Bomo Village government targets to become part of the Pamsimas program. The main objective of the Pamsimas program is to assist the community regarding clean water; most communities still need clean water for daily use because the category stated well _ is clean. That must be true in reaching 70 meters, whereas in this community, the depth of the wells usually used daily is still shallow. The interests affected by this Pamsimas program are communities with deficient clean water capacity (Rahmah, 2021).

Mr. Darmaji, as the head member of the pamsimas program in Bomo Village, Blimbingsari District, also stated something similar to that stated by Mr. Darmaji, as follows :

“affected interests with the development of the Pamsimas program This is For Income society low and no own facilities For activity need to bathe every day, especially Again here is Nearby Village with the River, there are those too Far from the River so that in do his activities daily Part Public do his activities most in the River and what is used For need daily usually the water cloudy." So the interests that influence here lie with the community" (Ayuli, 2022).

Based on the descriptions from the informants above, the researcher can conclude that the community is the main target in making a policy by the government, namely the welfare of the community. Of course, the interests affected by the policies of the Pamsimas program are the community, where the community is the recipient of the Pamsimas program (Kusnadi, 2017). because the aim of the Pamsimas program is to increase access to drinking water and sanitation services for the community, both rural communities that lack clean and drinking water coverage and poor communities, especially those in disadvantaged areas. The following is data on Bomo Village recipients of the Pamsimas Program:

Tabel 5 Government Primary Data Village Bomo

No

Hamlet

Amount

1

Kedunen

16

2

Jatisari

12

3

Krajan

12

Source: Government Primary Data Village Bomo,

processed Researcher:2023

The results of the field research explained that the adequacy of the apparatus provided was the reason for the successful implementation of the Bomo Village Community-based drinking water and sanitation provision program. In its implementation, Bomo Village government officials guide the Standard Operating Procedures as regulated in the Regulations Regent Banyuwangi Number 08/2021, so no error was found in the field.

The number of people with low incomes is far greater than the number of drinking water supply programs And sanitation-based Public Village Bomo, which is not an error of Government Village Bomo. However, the Bomo Village Government must be able to reconcile conflicts that may arise due to social jealousy caused by differences in the number of programs and

low-income people.

All parties must participate in successfully implementing the Bomo Village Community-based drinking water and sanitation provision program. This is so that the apparatus and the receiving and non-receiving communities are cohesive and cohesive. The steps taken by the Bomo Village Government involve the Chair of the Pamsimas program, the Chair of the Neighborhood Association and the Chair of the Rukun Warga, community leaders who are the right thing.

Results of analysis of implementing community-based drinking water and sanitation provision programs in Bomo Village, Blimbingsari District in the Regional Regulation. No. 9 of 2016 concerning Regional Policies and Strategies in developing the Banyuwangi Regency drinking water supply system

Based on the explanation in Chapter 2, policy implementation in this research uses George Edward III's successful implementation model, which consists of 4 aspects, namely, (1) Communication, (2) resources, (3) Disposition, and (4) Bureaucratic Structure.

Communication

Communication is essential in knowing what implementers should do. Indicators that can be used to measure communication success are Transmission, Clarity, and Consistency. Therefore, to be effective, those responsible for implementing the Decision must know what they should do (Edwards III (in Kadji, 2015:64)).

The results of the field research explained that implementing the communication pattern in the Bomo Village Pamsimas program organized by the Bomo Village Government was by existing service standards, one of which was providing adequate bathroom facilities for the community to provide suggestions and criticism.

Bomo Village Government, Together with elements such as the Chair of the Pamsimas program, Chair of the Rukun Neighbor And Chairman of Get Along Citizens, as well as figure Society, is in the process of being drafted until distribution And Pamsimas program evaluation Village Bomo done in the form of discussion village. Activity The For determines that reception help from the Pamsimas program is worthy. Aside from being carried out by the community, supervision can also be carried out by the Babinsa of Bomo Village.

The following are the results of the researcher's interview with Mr. Darmaji as Head of the Pamsimas program in Bomo Village, Blimbingsari District, stating that:

"The main target of this Pamsimas program is the community, which aims to increase the number of underserved communities, including low-income communities in rural areas, who can access sustainable drinking water and sanitation services, improve application mark And behavior life clean And Healthy. "

For further details, the researcher asked Mr. Maman th,e treasurer of the Pamsimas program, about the interests affected by the Pamsimas policy or program, following his explanation;

"The main objective of this Pamsimas program is to provide assistance to the community regarding clean water, where most communities still do not have clean water for daily use, because the category that is declared clean must really reach 70 meters, whereas in the community The depth of the wells that are usually used daily is still in the shallow category. The interests affected by this Pamsimas program are : Communities with clean water capacity That still not enough "

Based on the descriptions from the informants above, researchers can conclude that society is the main target in making policies by the government, namely to improve the welfare of its people. The community is the recipient of this Pamsimas program to increase access to drinking water and sanitation services for the community, both rural communities with a lack of clean and drinking water coverage and poor or low-income communities, especially those in disadvantaged areas.

Communication carried out by the Bomo Village Government is understood as a bridge between the Bomo Village Government and its community. Researchers see that the application of communication models in the implementation of the Pamsimas program Village Bomo holds a substantial role because implementers need to know what they will do so that the distribution of Pamsimas program aid is in line with the targets set.

Resource

Resources are important. Lack of resources will result in ineffective policy implementation. Indicators that must be present in the resource dimension are staff, information, facilities and authority.

Critical resources include a staff of the right size and with the necessary expertise; relevant and adequate information about how to implement the policy and compliance of other parties involved in the implementation; authority to ensure that policies are implemented as intended; and facilities (including buildings, equipment, land, and fixtures) Where or using which services are provided. Inadequate resources mean that laws will not be enforced, services will not be provided, and reasonable regulations will not be developed (Edwards III (in Kadji, 2015:66)).

The results of the field research explained that the apparatus, in terms of formulation, distribution, and evaluation of the Pamsimas program, including equipment support, was appropriate. Regarding the budget amount, which does not meet all the poor people in Bomo Village, the Bomo Village Government only has the status of implementing or distributing the budget determined by the government.

In implementing or implementing a policy, it needs to be supported by resources that can positively and effectively influence the success of implementing the policy or program. Adequate resources are very helpful in implementing a policy so that it can run well, optimally, effectively, and.

Policy implementation will run well and smoothly if the implementation is carried out by sufficient and high-quality human resources (HR). In achieving this ability, those with the skills and sufficiency can carry out a policy. Presentation made by Mr. Maman as treasurer of the Pamsimas program in Bomo Village:

"The resources used in implementing the Pamsimas program are human resources mobilized from the APBN, APBD, and community self-help as the energy used _ in implementing the Pamsimas program. "

The same thing was conveyed by Mr. Darmaji as chairman of the Pamsimas Program, namely as follows:

"The human resources used come from the community, there are also several administrators who are deployed from the region down to the village level. Both from employees from related agencies, the community in Bomo Village itself, the Village Head and his staff, then from the land used to build this clean water collection program. However, because everything is quite far away, only a few administrators are active, these human resources themselves are also from the community who volunteer to help and are willing to implement this program."

Researchers can conclude that the Human Resources used in building and implementing this program consist of the region, related agencies, the Village Head and his staff and the Community in the Village. All implementers in this program have their respective roles in carrying out and implementing this Pamsimas program. Essential resources include staff of the right size and with the necessary expertise; relevant and sufficient information about how to implement the policy and the compliance of others involved in implementation; the authority to ensure that the policy is implemented as intended; and the facilities (including buildings, equipment, land, and supplies) in which or with which to provide the service. Inadequate resources mean that laws will not be enforced, services will not be provided, and reasonable regulations will not be developed (Edwards III (in Kadji, 2015: 66)).

The results of field research explain that the apparatus in terms of formulation, distribution of Pamsimas program assistance in Bomo Village is appropriate, including with regard to equipment support. As for the Pamsimas program, it has met all the needs of the poor low-income community in Bomo Village, that the Bomo Village government is only in the status of executor or distributor of the budget determined by the government.

Disposition

Disposition is the third important factor in the process of implementing public policy. Disposition as an implementing attitude. The critical thing in disposition variables, namely, pyroclastic appointments and incentives. If the Bomo Village Government wants to get effective results, then the apparatus must not only just know but also must have the ability to implement.

If implementation is to proceed effectively, implementers must know what to do, can do it, and be willing to implement the policy. Most implementors can exercise sufficient discretion in implementing policies. One reason for this is their independence from their nominal superiors who formulate policy (Edwards III (in Kadji, 2015:66))

The study results explain that in determining data collection candidate Pamsimas program recipients, Govt Village Bomo does not go through selection but is appointed directly for various reasons. The Bomo Village Government appointed the Chairman of the Ruku Tetangga and the Chairman of the Rukun Warga to select prospective recipients of the Pamsimas program according to the applicable criteria.

Meanwhile, incentive support as an aspect that can influence the actions of policy implementers still needs to be implemented. Because officials in the Bomo Village Government already have monthly salaries and allowances from the Village. The task of government officials is to serve the community well and correctly.

 

 

 

Bureaucratic Structure

The bureaucratic structure is essential in implementing the Bomo Village Community-based Drinking Water and Sanitation Provision program. There are two main characteristics of a bureaucratic structure, namely, standard operating procedures and fragmentation. Bureaucratic structure can influence the success of implementing a policy. Policy implementation is a complex process requiring solid and conductive bureaucratic cooperation.

Suppose resources are sufficient to implement a policy, and implementers know what must be done and want to do it. In that case, implementation can still be thwarted due to deficiencies in the bureaucratic structure. Organizational fragmentation can hinder the coordination necessary to successfully implement complex policies that require the cooperation of many people and may also waste scarce resources, slow down change, create confusion, cause policies to work at cross-purposes, and disrupt critical functions—neglected (Edwards III (in Kadji, 2015:66)).

The results of the field research explained that the adequacy of the apparatus provided was the reason for the successful implementation of the Pamsimas program in Bomo Village. In its implementation, Bomo Village Government officials are guided by Standard Operating Procedures as regulated in Regent Regulation Number 08/2021 so that no errors are found in the field.

The fact that the number of low-income people is far greater than the number of Pamsimas programs in Bomo Village is not the fault of the Village Government. However, the Bomo Village Government must be able to reconcile conflicts that may arise due to social jealousy caused by differences in the number of programs for low-income communities. All parties' participation in successfully implementing the Pamsimas program is essential. This is so that the apparatus, the people who receive it, and those who do not receive it are not fragmented or divided. The steps the Bomo Village Government took involving the Village Consultative Body, the Chair of the Neighborhood Association, the Chair of the Citizen Association, Community Leaders, Babinsa, and the Chair of the Pamsimas Program are proper.

 

CONCLUSION

Based on the results of research and findings in the field regarding the Implementation of the Community-Based Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Program (Pamsimas) in Bomo Village, Blimbingsari District, Banyuwangi Regency, researchers can conclude that the implementation carried out cannot be said to be successful and running optimally. Various problems in the field have yet to succeed. They are running optimally due to the need for more roles as well as the participation of the Public in the implementation of the Pamsimas program.

So it can be said that the factors that hinder the successful implementation of this Pamsimas program are, firstly, a lack of coordination between the administrators of the Pamsimas program, as well as a lack of participation from the community in making this Pamsimas program a success due to budget issues that must be paid by each community who wants to use it. This program influences the aim of holding it so that the community can fulfill their needs for clean water in their daily use and can and want to live a clean and healthy life. Then, there needs to be more public awareness regarding the importance of clean water in the use of daily necessities and a lack of community participation in the construction of clean water reservoirs so that the people in the Village feel indifferent to the clean water reservoir building. So that place There's no shelter either untreated, which causes No optimal implementation of the Pamsimas program.

 

 

 

 

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